RAW images take up more room on the memory card than JPEG files because they contain all of the data from the camera’s sensor. (Apple’s coming iOS 10 operating system will also let people collect RAW image data from the device’s camera.) For those unfamiliar with it, some digital cameras have a setting that allows them to capture images in an uncompressed format called RAW, along with the standard compressed JPEG format used by just about every smartphone and stand-alone camera around.
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Photos, Apple’s free image-editing program now included with the OS X operating system, can handle picture files in many digital camera RAW formats, as did Apple’s previous iPhoto software. Can you process RAW images in Apple’s OS X Photos program?Ī. Compression rates of 10:1 or 20:1 yield little degradation in image quality.Q. Compression rates of 100:1 can be achieved, although the loss is noticeable at that level. JPEG involves a lossy compression mechanism using discrete cosine transform (DCT). JPEG is a joint standard of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU-T T.81) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO 10918-1). JPG is a graphical file format for editing still images, it offers a symmetrical compression technique which is processor intensive and time consiming in both compression and decompression. The JPG file is a great format as it often manages to compress files to 1/10 of the size of the original file which is especially good for saving on bandwidth. The JPG format is often used in digital camera memory cards. The resultant 'lossy' file means that quality can never be recovered. JPG's are often used for web sites and email as they are generally smaller file sizes as they are lossy meaning that some image quality is lost when the JPG is compressed and saved. This does however mean that RAW file sizes are often between two and six times large than standard JPEG images. This provides for better image quality since any calculations used to generate the pixel values (often described as RGB) can be performed on the base data. RAW files are made up of 12 or sometimes 14 bits compared to JPEG which is only made up of 8 bits. Several major manufacturers, including Canon, Sony and Nikon encrypt elements of the file to prevent 3rd party tools from accessing them. Digital camera manufacturers have each developed their own proprietary (often undocumented) formats, often changing the format from one camera model to the next. Generally as the RAW file comes straight from the sensor this gives photographers more control over how the final JPEG or TIFF image is displayed.
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Digital Cameras process the RAW file by changing it to a full colour JPEG or TIFF image file that is stored on a memory card for a camera, but it is usually possible to retain the original RAW file too. In digital photography it is the equivalent of a negative from traditional film-based photography.
The RAW file format contains untouched raw pixel information that comes straight from sensors of a digital camera.